Question : Directions: Three statements are given followed by Three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements. Statements: All plains are mountains. No sea is a mountain. Some valleys are seas. Conclusions: I. Some valleys are plains. II. No valley is a mountain. III. No sea is a plain.
Option 1: Only conclusion III follows
Option 2: Only conclusion II follows
Option 3: Both conclusions I and II follow
Option 4: Only conclusion I follows
Correct Answer: Only conclusion III follows
Solution : The possible Venn diagram, according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions – Conclusion (I): Some valleys are plains – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that there is no definite relation between valleys and plains. Therefore, this conclusion is false. Conclusion (II): No valley is a mountain – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that there is no definite relation between valleys and mountains. Therefore, this conclusion is false. Conclusion (III): No sea is a plain – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that no mountain is a sea and a plain is the part of the mountain. Therefore, this conclusion is true.
So, the only conclusion III follows. Hence, the first option is correct.
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