Question : Directions: Three statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All trees are flowers.
All flowers are petals.
Some petals are leaves.
Conclusions:
I. All trees are petals.
II. Some petals are flowers.
Option 1: Only conclusion II follows
Option 2: Only conclusion I follows
Option 3: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Option 4: Both conclusions I and II follow
Correct Answer: Both conclusions I and II follow
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
All trees are petals –
From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circle representing trees is completely overlapped by the circle representing petals. Thus, it can be concluded that a
ll trees are petals.
Conclusion (II):
Some petals are flowers –
From the Venn diagram, it is evident that some parts of the circle representing petals lie inside the circle representing flowers while some lie outside. Thus, it can be concluded that some petals are flowers.
So, both conclusions I and II follow. Hence, the fourth option is correct.
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