Question : Directions: Two statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All bowls are spoons.
All spoons are plates.
Conclusions:
I. Some plates are bowls.
II. Some plates are spoons.
Option 1: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Option 2: Both conclusions I and II follow
Option 3: Only conclusion II follows
Option 4: Only conclusion I follows
Correct Answer: Both conclusions I and II follow
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statement is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion I:
Some plates are bowls – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that some parts of the circle representing plates lie inside the circle representing bowls while some lie outside. So, from this, it can be concluded that some plates are bowls. Thus, this conclusion follows.
Conclusion II:
Some plates are spoons – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that some parts of the circle representing plates lie inside the circle representing spoons while some lie outside. So, from this, it can be concluded that some plates are spoons. Thus, this conclusion follows.
So, both conclusions I and II follow. Hence, the second option is correct.
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