Question : Directions: Two statements are given, followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All cars are vehicles.
All vehicles are trucks.
Conclusions:
I) All cars are trucks.
II) All trucks are vehicles.
Option 1: Neither Conclusion I nor II follows
Option 2: Only Conclusion I follows
Option 3: Only Conclusion II follows
Option 4: Both Conclusions I and II follow
Correct Answer: Only Conclusion I follows
Solution : The possible Venn diagram, according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyze the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
All cars are trucks –
From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circle representing cars is completely overlapped by the circle representing trucks. Thus,
it can be concluded that all cars are trucks.
Conclusion (II):
All trucks are vehicles – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that some parts of the circle representing trucks lie inside the circle representing vehicles while some lie outside. Thus, this conclusion does not follow.
So, the only conclusion I follows. Hence, the second option is correct.
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