Question : What was a significant political development during the participatory upsurge in the 1990s?
Option 1: Emergence of a single-party dominance
Option 2: Decline in electoral participation
Option 3: Rise in identity-based politics
Option 4: Strengthening of the presidency
Correct Answer: Rise in identity-based politics
Solution : The participatory upsurge in the 1990s saw a rise in identity-based politics, with caste, religion, and regional identity becoming significant factors in electoral politics.