Correct Answer: Planning

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Planning

Planning is the management function that involves setting organizational goals, objectives, and determining the best course of action to achieve them. It involves analyzing the current situation, forecasting future trends, and developing strategies, plans, and budgets to guide the organization. During the planning process, managers identify the goals they want to achieve and establish the necessary steps, resources, and timelines to reach those goals. Planning sets the direction for the organization and provides a roadmap for decision-making and resource allocation. Therefore, planning is the management function that involves determining organizational goals and the means to achieve them.