Write short notes on any two of the following: (a) POSDCORB (b) Bounded Rationality (c) Good Governance

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b) Bounded rationality - It is proposed by Herbert Simon. Bounded rationality symbolizes that rationality have limits. And this term was introduced to state that our thinking capacity, available information, time have limits.

a) POSDCORB - it is an acronym used in the  field of management and public administration that reflects the view of organizational theory. POSDCORB stands for: P - Planning O - Organizing S - Staffing D - Directing C - Co-Ordinating and B - Budgeting.

c) Good Governance - is a way of measuring how public institutions conduct public affairs and manage public resources in a preferred way. Governance is the process of decision making and the process by which decisions are implemented.

ALL THE BEST. Hope this was of some help.

Thank You

POSDCORB is an  widely used in the field of management that reflects the classic view of organizational theory It stands for P lanning, O rganizing, S taffing, D irecting, C o- O rdinating, R eporting and B udgeting.

Bounded rationality is the idea that rationality  is limited, when individuals make decisions, by the tractability of the decision problem, the cognitive limitations of the mind, and the time available to make the decision.

good governance is a way of measuring how public institutions  conduct public affairs and manage public resources in a preferred way.

b) Bounded Rationality:  In the simplest terms, Bounded rationality is a human decision-making process in which we attempt to satisfy, rather than optimize. In other words, we seek a decision that will be good enough, rather than the best possible decision. For eg., we quit eating meat because it is not environmental friendly, and instead eat vegan food which claims to be "environmental friendly." As an environmental concious person, you might choose vegan over meat as it satisfies your desire to be ethical. Now, in this case, our decision is made on a false sense of rationality, because we do not have all the information available on whether vegan food is truly environmental friendly or not, yet we still rationalize this decision. This example prvoes the central point, that "Rationality is bounded because there are limits to our thinking capacity, available information, and time ." ( Simon, 1982).

c. Good Governance: In 1992, World Bank defined good governance as "the manner in which power is exercised in the management of a country’s economic and social resources for development”. Good governance has 8 major characteristics, that It is: participatory, consensus-oriented, accountable, transparent, responsive, effective and efficient, equitable and inclusive and follows the rule of law. It assures that corruption is minimized, the views of minorities are taken into account and that the voices of the most vulnerable in society are heard in decision-making. It is also responsive to the present and future needs of society. Upon observing the consitution, one can easily realize the importance of governance is clearly inscribed in it, built on-premise of Sovereign, Socialist, Secular and Democratic Republic committing itself to democracy, rule of law and welfare of people.

Here are two short notes. Hope they help!