Correct Answer: Both Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.

The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was indeed initiated by India, but the assertion that Pakistan and China were also involved in its initiation is incorrect.

The NAM was founded in 1961 during the Cold War, primarily by India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, along with the leaders of Egypt, Yugoslavia, Ghana, and Indonesia. The movement aimed to establish a group of countries that remained neutral and independent, not aligning with either the United States-led Western bloc or the Soviet Union-led Eastern bloc.

The reason provided in the assertion, which states that NAM aimed to establish a group of countries that remained neutral and independent during the Cold War, is generally correct. The NAM sought to promote the interests of developing countries, maintain independence, and foster cooperation among nations outside the major power blocs of the Cold War era. However, this reason does not explain the involvement of Pakistan and China in the initiation of NAM since Pakistan was not a founding member and China's role was not as significant as that of India and the other initial members.

Therefore, both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.