Question : Statement 1: India has a higher literacy rate compared to China.

Statement 2: Government initiatives such as the National Literacy Mission have contributed to increased literacy rates in India.

Option 1: Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, and Statement 2 is the correct explanation of Statement 1.

Option 2: Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, but Statement 2 is not the correct explanation of Statement 1.

Option 3: Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false.

Option 4: Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true.

Correct Answer: Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, and Statement 2 is the correct explanation of Statement 1.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, and Statement 2 is the correct explanation of Statement 1.

Statement 1 is true. India generally has a higher literacy rate compared to China. As of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, India's literacy rate was around 77 %, while China's literacy rate was around 96 %, according to the World Bank data.

Statement 2 is also true. Government initiatives such as the National Literacy Mission have indeed contributed to increased literacy rates in India. The National Literacy Mission, launched in 1988, aimed to eradicate illiteracy and improve literacy rates across the country through various programs and campaigns. These initiatives focused on improving access to education, providing adult literacy programs, and promoting awareness about the importance of education.

Therefore, both statements are true, and Statement 2 is the correct explanation of Statement 1. Government initiatives such as the National Literacy Mission have played a significant role in increasing literacy rates in India, contributing to its higher literacy rate compared to China.